| # | Organisation Name | Industries | Headquarter | Description | Founded Year | Company Type | Num of Employees |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Environmental Services | Rosemont, IL | Water touches everything in your home. For over 80 years, Culligan has been making that water cleaner, softer, and more delicious for your friends, neighbors, and probably even your grandparents. Culligan provides the best in water softening and filtration technology. Let’s see what Culligan can do for your home.
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Culligan
Twitter - https://twitter.com/HeyCulligan
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/user/CulliganIntl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/HeyCulligan | 1936 | Privately Held | 1 412 | |
2 | Consumer Goods | Chicago, Illinois | The Morton Salt Company produces and manufactures salt products and solutions for consumers, industrial and government customers nationwide. Morton salt produces pantry salts for the kitchen, water softening salt for the home, ice melt solutions for the winter, and various other solutions to make consumers' lives better ever day since 1848.
The Morton Salt brand, and its iconic "umbrella girl" logo are one of the oldest and best known consumer products in the U.S. | - | Public Company | 946 | |
3 | Machinery | Offenburg, Baden-Württemberg | WORK SMART, NOT HARD!
HOBART GmbH is the global market leader for commercial dishwasher and warewash systems. As a leading innovator in commercial dishwashing technology, we always find solutions that reduce the consumption of your resources continuously, thus protecting the environment.
HOBART develops, manufactures and distributes machines and equipment in the fields of warewashing and cleaning technology, cooking and food preparation as well as environmental technology. Furthermore HOBART offers specific solutions around warewashing: including a in-house developed hygiene line, perfectly adapted to all HOBART dishwashers, as well as water purification and water softening appliances. | 1930 | Sole Proprietorship | 260 | |
4 | Chemicals | Northwich, Cheshire | Tata Chemicals Europe is one of Europe's leading producers of soda ash (sodium carbonate), salt and sodium bicarbonate. The company's products are manufactured at three sites in Cheshire in the UK, to international quality standards and find use in a wide range of industry applications. To support these operations, and to deliver reliable, cheap electricity to the National Grid and a variety of customers via a dedicated private wire system, Tata Chemicals Europe also owns a state of the art, gas-fired combined heat and power plant, which is amongst the most efficient in Europe.
Tata Chemicals Europe Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Chemicals Limited and was established as Brunner Mond and Company in 1874. It was founding company of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) at its formation in 1926. Tata Chemicals Europe also includes British Salt Limited (see separate LinkedIn page), which produces salt for, amongst other things, food, animal feed and water softening at its operations in Middlewich, and Winnington CHP Limited, which owns the CHP plant referred to above. | 1874 | Public Company | 148 | |
5 | Consumer Goods | Rigby, Idaho | At Advanced Home Services our goal is to provide you with Advanced plumbing and heating services that will make your life simple, convenient and comfortable. For over a decade we have been providing a full range of plumbing services, rooter service, water softening and conditioning, sewer drain replacement, lawn sprinkler repair, heating and furnace repair and replacement and more to customers and communities all across southeast Idaho. | 2000 | Privately Held | 93 | |
6 | Engineering | Grand Rapids, MI | Whether you need a full-service hardware store, an expert furnace and air conditioning specialist, a reliable water softening equipment supplier or a licensed plumber, Godwin’s got it. We’ve been serving West Michigan homeowners and businesses since 1955. | 1955 | Privately Held | 51 | |
7 | Chemicals | Roeselare, Flemish Region | ZOUTMAN, located in Roeselare (B) and Ghent sea port (B), is an independent salt producer. ZOUTMAN is specialized in refining sea salt for different applications:
food salt • de-icing salt • salt for water softening • dishwasher salt • salt for agriculture • salt for animal feed • salt for technical applications • brine • ...
The modern and well equipped production unit processes sea salt (washing, centrifying, drying, grinding, screening and packing) into finished products. ZOUTMAN produces tailor made in order to meet the customers’ needs in grain size, humidity and packaging.
An internal and external laboratory guarantee the constant quality of the products. The logistics department provides fast and punctual deliveries worldwide.
ZOUTMAN is BRC - IFS - GMP - KOSHER certified. | 1990 | Privately Held | 50 | |
8 | Office Equipment | Ramsey, MN | Since 1971, Water Control has been helping architects, engineers, plumbing/mechanical contractors, and industry distributors to solve their clients’ difficult water problems. With our experience and complete commercial / residential offerings there are very few water issues we can’t effectively address.
Located just outside Minneapolis, MN, our team of professionals includes mechanical designers, engineers, CAD™/Revit™ technicians, licensed plumbers, controls experts, customer service specialists, service technicians, and outside sales staff. With a network of quality independent representatives around the USA and Canada, we can provide local-level service and solutions.
Beyond traditional water softening, Water Control provides a huge array of treatment system options including ion exchange, membrane filtration, disinfection technologies, water reclamation packages, and more. End users of our equipment include local, state, and federal institutions, universities, health care providers, well-known InfoTech companies, homeowners, resort owners, and manufacturers both large and small.
We’d love to work with you. Please contact us today to get started! | 1971 | Public Company | 35 | |
9 | Chemicals | Ayr, Ayrshire | Experts in salt product sourcing, shipping, warehousing and national logistics.
We are big enough to service the large highway de-icing salt contracts, supplying vast quantities of rock salt, and small enough to care about delivering water softening treatment and food salt to domestic households.
Peacock Salt celebrated our 140-year anniversary in 2014. This makes us, by far, the oldest salt company in the United Kingdom, and indeed one of the oldest in the world. We have grown from our humble 19th Century beginnings where we shipped coal, wood and salt around Europe, to becoming the largest importer of white marine salt in the United Kingdom, with imports in recent years coming from as far afield as India and Australia.
Throughout this time, we have maintained strong relationships with our customers from private individuals, businesses large and small to Local Authorities and private operators who trust our service and products.
Overall, our longevity is testament to our continued strong work ethic, continuous innovation and focus on quality. We now have over 14,000 customers on our database. The fact that the vast majority repeat-purchase every year is a strong sign that our overall offering continues to satisfy the expectations of those who matter most - our customers. | 1874 | Public Company | 25 | |
10 | Environmental Services | Saline, MI | American Aqua provides commercial and residential water treatment systems throughout Michigan, Northern Indiana and Ohio. American Aqua specializes in treating poor water conditions-high iron, sulfur, arsenic and more. Our team of Certified Water Specialists (CWS) provides installation and service for softening, filtration, deionization (DI), reverse osmosis (RO) and point of use (POU) applications for warehouses, offices, hospitals, and other applications. Our product line includes salt and water delivery for residential and office, to large capacity water softening and filtration systems for high-purity and industrial applications. American Aqua’s service, residential membership plan and commercial/industrial water management program allow us to provide you with the best possible water. At American Aqua, your water is our responsibility. | 1975 | Privately Held | 13 |
Water Softening
Summary
- 83 Companies
- 46 Patents
- 17 Use Cases
- 20 Case Studies
- 114 Science Papers
- Total Funding
Companies
Patents
| # | Number | Title | Abstract | Date | Kind | Assignee | Inventor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 10 702 863 | Water softening compositions | Novel water softening products and methods of treating hard water are provided. The products comprise a salt and a metal chelating agent. The products are useful for regenerating ion exchange material in a water softening system and providing softened water containing both sodium and potassium ions, while having dramatically increased efficiencies over prior art products. | Mon, 6 Jul 2020 | B2 | Compass Minerals America Inc. | Geoffrey A. Brown, Kristopher Lee Shelite, Jerry L. Poe, Darlene R. Linscott |
2 | 10 494 751 | Laundry washing machine with water softening system and method for controlling a laundry washing machine | Laundry washing machine (1) has an outer casing (2), a washing tub (3), arranged inside the casing (2), a rotatable drum (4), arranged in axially rotating manner inside the washing tub (3) and is designed to receive laundry to be washed. The machine further has a detergent dispensing assembly (12), designed for supplying laundry detergent into the washing tub (3), a water softening system (14), designed to receive fresh water from a water mains (13) and reduce the hardness degree of the fresh water in order to supply softened water to the detergent dispensing assembly (12) and/or to the washing tub (3), during one or more softened water laundry washing phases. The machine further has a control panel (28) configured to allow operator to input information associated with a laundry washing course having one or more softened water laundry washing phase/s; and a controller (15) configured to determine a detergent saving amount (QS) to load in the detergent dispensing assembly (12) and/or to supply to the washing tub (3), based on the softened water laundry washing phase/s of the laundry washing course to be performed. | Mon, 2 Dec 2019 | B2 | ELECTROLUX APPLIANCES AKTIEBOLAG | Elisa Stabon, Andrea Zattin |
3 | 10 385 500 | Laundry washing machine with a water softening device | A laundry washing machine includes an outer casing and, inside the casing, a washing tub arranged inside the casing directly facing a laundry loading/unloading opening realized in a front wall of said casing, a rotatable drum arranged in axially rotating manner inside the washing tub and structured for receiving the laundry to be washed, a detergent dispenser which is structured for supplying detergent into the washing tub, and a water softening device which is structured for reducing the hardness degree of the fresh water supplied to the washing tub. The water softening device includes a water-softening agent container filled with a water softening agent able to reduce the hardness degree of the fresh water supplied to the washing tub, a regeneration-agent reservoir which is structured to receive a salt or other regeneration agent for performing a regeneration of the water softening function of the water softening agents, and a water supply circuit which is structured for selectively spilling/pouring a given amount of fresh water into the regeneration-agent reservoir. The regeneration-agent reservoir includes a regeneration-agent container which is fillable with a given quantity of regeneration agents, and the water supply circuit includes a first sprinkler head provided with a shower-making portion which is structured for feeding a shower of water droplets by gravity into the regeneration-agent container. | Mon, 19 Aug 2019 | B2 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Maurizio Del Pos, Andrea Zattin, Daniele Favaro |
4 | 10 173 214 | Water softening compositions and methods | Novel water softening products and methods of treating hard water are provided. The products comprise a salt and a metal chelating agent. The products are useful for regenerating ion exchange material in a water softening system and providing softened water containing both sodium and potassium ions, while having dramatically increased efficiencies over prior art products. | Mon, 7 Jan 2019 | B2 | Compass Minerals America Inc. | Geoffrey A. Brown, Jerry L. Poe, Darlene R. Linscott, Kristopher Lee Shelite |
5 | 10 053 377 | Water softening device for use for a pet | A water softening device for use for a pet is provided, comprising: a first chamber having a shape of a hollow container; a second chamber having a shape of a hollow container, the second chamber being detachably attached to an upper section inside the first chamber; and a filter cartridge having a plurality of openings and containing an ion exchange resin therein, the filter cartridge being detachably attached to a bottom section of the second chamber and positioned to protrude from the bottom section of the second chamber to a lower section inside the first chamber. The second chamber is configured to receive and contain first water including tap water, and the lower section inside the first chamber is configured to receive and contain second water that is the first water after passing through the filter cartridge based on gravity. | Mon, 20 Aug 2018 | B2 | Etec Inc. | Shiro Ono |
6 | 9 919 934 | Water softening ball | A water softening ball for generating softened water by immersing it in water is provided, comprising a shell having a generally hollow ellipsoidal shape, wherein a plurality of openings are formed in the shell for the inside and the outside of the shell to communicate; and a filter unit included within the shell and comprising an ion exchange resin. The ellipsoidal shape includes a spherical shape. | Mon, 19 Mar 2018 | B2 | Etec Inc. | Shiro Ono |
7 | 9 861 253 | Water softening apparatus, dishwasher having the same and control method thereof | A water softening apparatus having an improved structure to provide a function of an air brake, a dishwasher including the same and a control method thereof, the water softening apparatus having an air brake assembly and a regeneration tank and configured to soften wash water being supplied from a tub, wherein the air brake assembly including a water supply valve allowing wash water to be introduced therethrough, an ion exchange tank to accommodate an ion exchange resin therein, and a plurality of valves installed on a first path allowing wash water being introduced through the water supply valve to flow toward the ion exchange tank, wherein the regeneration tank is connected to the air brake assembly and accommodates regeneration material configured to purify the ion exchange resin. | Mon, 8 Jan 2018 | B2 | SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. | Jeong Myeong Kim, Sang Hoon Lee, Seung Ah Joo |
8 | 9 828 720 | Laundry washing machine with a water softening device | A laundry washing machine (1) includes an outer casing (2) and, inside said outer casing (2), a washing tub (3), a detergent dispensing assembly (9), a fresh-water supply circuit (10) for selectively channeling a flow of fresh water from the water mains towards the detergent dispensing assembly (9) and/or the washing tub (3), and a water softening device (11) interposed between the fresh water supply circuit (10) and the detergent dispensing assembly (9) or the washing tub (3), and being structured for reducing the harness degree of the fresh water supplied to the washing tub (3). The water softening device (11) includes a water-softening agent container (26), crossed by fresh water arriving from the fresh-water supply circuit (10) and is filled with a water softening agent; a regeneration-agent reservoir (27) being structured to receive a salt or other regeneration agent for performing a regeneration of the water softening function of the water softening agent; and a water supply circuit (28) for selectively channeling a given amount of fresh water into the regeneration-agent reservoir (27) to form brine; and an electrically-powered brine-circulating pump assembly (29) interposed between the water-softening agent container (26) and the regeneration-agent reservoir (27), and being structured for transferring/moving the brine from the regeneration-agent reservoir (27) to the water-softening agent container (26) when activated, and for watertight sealing/isolating the regeneration-agent reservoir (27) from the water-softening agent container (26) when deactivated. | Mon, 27 Nov 2017 | B2 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Daniele Favaro, Maurizio Del Pos |
9 | 9 815 713 | Water softening device and method for regenerating ion exchange resin | The present invention relates to a water softening device including: a resin chamber which has an ion exchange resin and softens hard water passing through the ion exchange resin; and electrodes which are arranged by placing the resin chamber therebetween and apply voltages to the resin chamber so as to soften the hard water, and which regenerates the ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin is a slightly acidic cation exchange resin and/or a weakly alkaline anion exchange resin. The present invention provides the water softening device capable of easily regenerating the ion exchange resin and repeating the softening-regenerating without using chemicals or the like while maintaining the performance of softening water, thereby enabling a continuous use thereof. | Mon, 13 Nov 2017 | B2 | SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. | Keisuke Miyashiro, Takeshi Okazaki, Hiroto Ohnari, Satoshi Yanase |
10 | 9 790 636 | Laundry washing machine with a water softening device | A laundry washing machine includes an outer casing and, inside the casing, a washing tub arranged inside said casing directly facing a laundry loading/unloading opening realized in a front wall of the casing, a rotatable drum arranged in an axially rotating manner inside the washing tub and structured for receiving the laundry to be washed, a detergent dispenser which is structured for supplying detergent into the washing tub, and a water softening device which is structured for reducing the hardness degree of the fresh water supplied to the washing tub. The water softening device includes a water-softening agent container filled with a water softening agent able to reduce the hardness degree of the fresh water supplied to the washing tub, and a regeneration-agent reservoir which is fluidly connected to the water-softening agent container and is structured to receive a salt or other regeneration agent for performing a regeneration of the water softening function of the water softening agents. The detergent dispenser includes a detergent container which is fillable with a given quantity of detergent, and a detergent flush circuit which is structured for selectively spilling/pouring water into said detergent container. The regeneration-agent reservoir includes a regeneration-agent container which is fillable with a given quantity of regeneration agents. The water softening device also includes a water supply circuit which is structured for selectively spilling/pouring a given amount of fresh water into the regeneration-agent container and a water piping assembly which is structured for channeling water through the water-softening agent container. The detergent dispenser includes a water delivery member which incorporates at least part of the detergent flush circuit, and at least part of the water supply circuit and/or of the water piping assembly. | Mon, 16 Oct 2017 | B2 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Daniele Favaro, Maurizio Del Pos, Andrea Zattin |
Patents by Year
Inventors
Assignees
Assignees
Science
Data limited by 2021
Top 10 cited papers
| # | Paper Title | Paper Abstract | Authors | Fields of Study | Year | Citation Count |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Short-Circuited Closed-Cycle Operation of Flow-Electrode CDI for Brackish Water Softening. | While flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is an emerging desalination technology, reduction in water hardness using this technology has so far received minimal attention. In this study, treatment of influents containing both monovalent and divalent cations using FCDI was carried out with flow-electrodes operated in short-circuited closed-cycle (SCC) configuration. Divalent Ca2+ cations were selectively removed compared to monovalent Na+ with the selectivity becoming dominant when the FCDI unit was operated at lower current densities and hydraulic retention times. Results showed that SCC FCDI operation was much more energy-efficient for brackish water softening compared to operation in isolated closed-cycle (ICC) mode, particularly with implementation of energy recovery. This finding was largely ascribed to (i) charge neutralization of the flow-electrodes in SCC configuration and (ii) regeneration of the active materials to maintain pseudo "infinite" capacity during electrosorption. In addition, mixing of the flow-electrodes in SCC operation significantly inhibited pH excursion in the flow-electrode with resultant alleviation of calcium precipitation on the carbon surface. | Engineering, Materials Science, Medicine | 2018 | 89 | |
2 | Water softening using polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration | Abstract The use of polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) for water softening has been studied at several temperatures in the presence and absence of added salt. It is shown that in the absence of added salt. PEUF is highly effective in the rejection of up to 99.7% of hardness ions from an aqueous stream. At a low concentration of added salt. PEUF is effective in the removal of hardness. As salt concentration increases, however, hardness rejection decreases dramatically. The experimental results have been effectively modeled using an ion-binding model based on Oosawa's two-phase approximation theory. | Engineering, Chemistry | 1995 | 51 | |
3 | Synthesis of morpholinated and 8-hydroxyquinolinated silica gel and their application to water softening | Morpholinated and 8-hydroxyquinolinated silica gel were obtained via reaction of silica chloride with morpholine and 8-hydroxyquinoline, respectively. The applicability of the synthesized reagents for softening of different water samples was studied. The quality of softened water was tested by measuring concentrations of Mg2+, Ca2+ and HCO3− ions. The results show that the above reagents are suitable for water softening. The isotherms for adsorption of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were obtained. | Chemistry | 2002 | 32 | |
4 | Ion exchange with natural zeolites: an alternative for water softening? | Possibility of using natural zeolites for water softening was investigated. Quantitative data regarding separation of calcium from water at various levels of hardness through ion exchange with the ammonium selective natural zeolite clinoptilolite is reported. Capacity of the zeolite towards calcium removal in the presence of ammonium at low concentrations and calcium at higher concentrations, and breakthrough characteristics are presented. The results have revealed that removal of calcium, and hence hardness, through ion exchange with clinoptilolite under those circumstances is a promising alternative, with surface capacities reaching 11 mg calcium/g clinoptilolite. | Engineering, Chemistry, Medicine | 2005 | 28 | |
5 | Electrochemical Ion-Exchange Regeneration and Fluidized Bed Crystallization for Zero-Liquid-Discharge Water Softening. | This research investigated the use of an electrochemical system for regenerating ion-exchange media and for promoting the crystallization of hardness minerals in a fluidized bed crystallization reactor (FBCR). The closed-loop process eliminates the creation of waste brine solutions that are normally produced when regenerating ion-exchange media. A bipolar membrane electrodialysis stack was used to generate acids and bases from 100 mM salt solutions. The acid was used to regenerate weak acid cation (WAC) ion-exchange media used for water softening. The base solutions were used to absorb CO2 gas and to provide a source of alkalinity for removing noncarbonate hardness by WAC media operated in H(+) form. The base solutions were also used to promote the crystallization of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 in a FBCR. The overall process removes hardness ions from the water being softened and replaces them with H(+) ions, slightly decreasing the pH value of the softened water. The current utilization efficiency for acid and base production was ∼75% over the operational range of interest, and the energy costs for producing acids and bases were an order of magnitude lower than the costs for purchasing acid and base in bulk quantities. Ion balances indicate that the closed-loop system will accumulate SO4(2-), Cl(-), and alkali metal ions. Acid and base balances indicate that for a typical water, small amounts of base will be accumulated. | Materials Science, Chemistry, Medicine | 2016 | 24 | |
6 | FTIR ANALYSIS OF ION EXCHANGE RESINS WITH APPLICATION IN PERMANENT HARD WATER SOFTENING | The purpose of the present study is the comparative investigation of the calcium cations removal from aqueous solutions using two strong acid cationic resins recommended during the last years for water softening. The performances of the two resins were evaluated by the means of the cationic exchange capacity and the retention degree of the calcium cations. The evaluation of the two resins behaviour in the ion exchange process was performed by the means of the FTIR spectra recorded on the resins before and after being used in the calcium cations exchange process. By reporting to the Purolite C100E resin regarded as benchmark, one can state that the Pure Resin PC002 can be considered as a viable alternative for the water softening processes, but a prior economical analysis should be performed regarding the costs reported to the usefulness and benefits. | Materials Science, Medicine | 2014 | 23 | |
7 | Capacitive Deionization of Divalent Cations for Water Softening Using Functionalized Carbon Electrodes | Water softening is a relatively untapped area of research in capacitive deionization (CDI). In this work, we demonstrate how an asymmetric combination of oxidized and aminated carbon can be used for selective removal of divalent cations for water softening. We first show how higher electrosorption performances can be achieved in single-salt experiments involving NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 before proceeding to multi-salt experiments using different combinations of the four salts. The salt combinations are chosen to investigate one of the three factors: (1) ionic mass, (2) ionic charge, or (3) concentration. We show how divalent selectivity can be achieved due to high local electrostatic attraction between negatively charged oxygen moieties and divalent cations. Additionally, an ion-exchange process between the oxidized carbon surface and cations can result in lower pH values, which prevent the precipitation of scale-forming ions. | Materials Science, Chemistry, Medicine | 2020 | 17 | |
8 | Current Pulsated Electrochemical Precipitation for Water Softening | Electrochemical precipitation has obtained great attentions for water softening in recent years. In order to avoid cathode deactivation, periodical scale detachment is essential. In general, the scale adhered to the cathode is detached by mechanical scraping. Although mechanical scraping is easy operated, elastic scraper must be installed between electrodes, leading to the low softening efficiency and high energy consumption. To overcome such a problem, a new current pulsated electrochemical precipitation process was proposed in this paper. Scale detachment was accomplished by increasing the current density significantly. Experimental results showed that the both high softening and detachment performance were achieved. The precipitation rate was as high as 40.47 g/h/m2. The energy consumption and the total hardness removal efficiency were 8.9–13.2 kWh/kg CaCO3 and 17.8–22.8%, respectively. Repetitive experimental results indicated the current pulsated electrochemical precipitation process could run steadi... | Engineering, Materials Science | 2018 | 16 | |
9 | Natural clinoptilolite composite membranes on tubular stainless steel supports for water softening. | Disk membranes generated from high-purity natural clinoptilolite mineral rock have shown promising water desalination and de-oiling performance. In order to scale up production of these types of membranes for industrial wastewater treatment applications, a coating strategy was devised. A composite mixture of natural clinoptilolite from St. Cloud (Winston, NM, USA) and aluminum phosphate was deposited on the inner surface of porous stainless steel tubes by the slip casting technique. The commercial porous stainless steel tubes were pre-coated with a TiO2 layer of about 10 μm. Phase composition and morphology of the coating materials were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Water softening performance of the fabricated membranes was evaluated using Edmonton (Alberta, Canada) municipal tap water as feed source. Preliminary experimental results show a high water flux of 7.7 kg/(m(2) h) and 75% reduction of hardness and conductivity in a once-through membrane process at 95 °C and feed pressure of 780 kPa. These results show that natural zeolite coated, stainless steel tubular membranes have high potential for large-scale purification of oil sands steam-assisted gravity drainage water at high temperature and pressure requirements. | Materials Science, Medicine | 2014 | 14 | |
10 | Rapid Water Softening with TEMPO-Oxidized/Phosphorylated Nanopapers | Water hardness not only constitutes a significant hazard for the functionality of water infrastructure but is also associated with health concerns. Commonly, water hardness is tackled with synthetic ion-exchange resins or membranes that have the drawbacks of requiring the awkward disposal of saturated materials and being based on fossil resources. In this work, we present a renewable nanopaper for the purpose of water softening prepared from phosphorylated TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (PT-CNF). Nanopapers were prepared from CNF suspensions in water (PT-CNF nanopapers) or low surface tension organic liquids (ethanol), named EPT-CNF nanopapers, respectively. Nanopaper preparation from ethanol resulted in a significantly increased porosity of the nanopapers enabling much higher permeances: more than 10,000× higher as compared to nanopapers from aqueous suspensions. The adsorption capacity for Ca2+ of nanopapers from aqueous suspensions was 17 mg g−1 and 5 mg g−1 for Mg2+; however, EPT-CNF nanopapers adsorbed more than 90 mg g−1 Ca2+ and almost 70 mg g−1 Mg2+. The higher adsorption capacity was a result of the increased accessibility of functional groups in the bulk of the nanopapers caused by the higher porosity of nanopapers prepared from ethanol. The combination of very high permeance and adsorption capacity constitutes a high overall performance of these nanopapers in water softening applications. | Chemistry, Medicine | 2019 | 11 |
Top 10 cited authors
| # | Author | Papers count | Citation Count |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | 5 | 535 | |
2 | 5 | 535 | |
3 | 3 | 390 | |
4 | 2 | 339 | |
5 | 2 | 326 | |
6 | 3 | 326 | |
7 | 1 | 307 | |
8 | 1 | 307 | |
9 | 1 | 307 | |
10 | 1 | 307 |
Science papers by Year
Clinical Trials
- Researches Count 0
- Ongoing Studies 0
- Total Enrollment
Clinical Trials
| # | Title | Conditions | Interventions | Enrollment | Year | Locations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | An Outcome Assessor-blinded Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of an Ion-exchange Water Softener for the Prevention of Atopic Eczema in Neonates, With an Embedded Mechanistic Study | Atopic Eczema | Domestic ion-exchange water softener | 80 | 2018 | King's College London |
Use Cases
| # | Topic | Paper Title | Year | Fields of study | Citations | Use Case | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Water Softening | Estimation of the effectiveness of using sodium-cation exchange resins in the process of water softening for the operation of heat producing plants | 2022 | 0 | the operation of heat producing plants | ||
2 | Water Softening | Efficient Water Softening for Avoidance of Scales in Heavy Oil Steam Floods | 2021 | 0 | avoidance of scales in heavy oil steam floods | ||
3 | Water Softening | Continuous Monitoring and Partial Water Softening for Cooling Tower Water Treatment | 2020 | 0 | cooling tower water treatment | ||
4 | Water Softening | STUDY OF USING WATER SOFTENING PROCESS BYPRODUCT, CALCIUM CARBONATE ON FINE PAPER PRODUCTION | 2015 | Materials Science | 1 | study of | |
5 | Water Softening | Analysis of relevant factors of water softening for hemodialysis | 2013 | Environmental Science, Medicine | 0 | hemodialysis | |
6 | Water Softening | Water Softening for Textile Purposes. | 2008 | 0 | textile purposes. | ||
7 | Water Softening | Study on Water Softening for Boiler by Nanofiltration | 2004 | Agricultural And Food Sciences, Engineering, Materials Science | 0 | boiler by nanofiltration | |
8 | Water Softening | MISCELLANEOUS AN INVESTIGATION OF FLUORIDE REMOVAL FROM SEMICONDUCTOR WASTEWATER USING WATER SOFTENING SLUDGE | 2001 | 2 | miscellaneous an investigation of fluoride removal from semiconductor wastewater | ||
9 | Water Softening | Small-Scale Nanofiltration Water Softening for Commercial and Residential Use | 1997 | Engineering, Environmental Science | 0 | commercial and residential use | |
10 | Water Softening | Water Softening for Food Processing | 1985 | Agricultural And Food Sciences, Environmental Science | 0 | food processing |
Case Studies
| # | Title | Description | Year | Source Ranking | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Water softening by nanofiltration – Case study - ГраФар ... | by O Govedarica · 2019 — In this research the object of the analysis was the improvement of drinking water treatment plant, while groundwater being a source of drinking water. | no | 2019 | |
2 | Extreme Well Water Softener and Iron Filter - Case Study | Mar 18, 2013 — Iron Filters are usually installed first, unless their are tannins or other problems that would prevent oxidation from working correctly. Thanks ... | no | 2013 | |
3 | Case Studies: Commercial Water Softeners | no | |||
4 | Case Study Archive - Weald Water Softeners | Case Study. Get softened water. Please call us on 01233 770 401, email or complete the form below for a no obligation quote: Quote Request. Full Name *. | no | ||
5 | Commercial Water Softener Case Study - Health Club ... - KZhead | Рет қаралды 190 М. Water Softener VS Water Conditioner Explained. Quick Water Heater & Filtration Co - San Diego. Рет қаралды ... | no | ||
6 | Commercial Water Softener Case Study - Health Club ... - KZpost | Commercial Water Softener Case Study - Health Club saved $24,287. Рет қаралды 601. Disney's Live-Action Simba Was Based On The Cutest Lion Cub Ever. | no | ||
7 | Commercial Water Softener Case Study - Health Club saved ... - KZfaq | Fleck Commercial Twin Alternating Tanks have been the standard recommendation for commercial installations for decades. This case study shows how and why a ...Commercial Water Softener Case Study - KZfaqhttps://kzfaq.info › get › commercial...https://kzfaq.info › get › commercial... · Translate this page | no | ||
8 | Commercial Water Softener Case Study - KZhead | Commercial water softener case study at high school using Aqua Magnets for commercial water softening applications instead of a traditional salt-based water ... | no | ||
9 | Dane County Water Softeners Case Study - KZburn | Your browser can't play this video. Learn more. More videos on YouTube. Switch camera. Share. Include playlist. An error occurred while retrieving sharing ... | no | ||
10 | Dane County Water Softeners Case Study - KZhead | Dane County Water Softeners Case Study ... Magnetic Floating Bed: All That Luxury For Mere $1.6 Mil? ... 2018 ж. 17 Қаң. 47 Рет қаралды. Share ... | no |
Experts
| # | Name | Description | Followers | Following | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Peacock Salt | UK Salt Suppliers. Winter maintenance supplies, water softening treatments, food salts, sugar, animal feeds, textiles, tanning, chemical and cosmetic industries | 1 254 | 1 085 | Ayr |
2 | 602abcWATER | Water Softening & Purification for Homes, RV's, & Boats. Save BIG! | 371 | 1 285 | Arizona |
3 | Justwaterstuff | “Quality Water Products” to Meet Your Water Needs. Water Filtration, Water Purification and Water Softening Products for Whole House, Office & Commercial Needs. | 117 | 166 | Canada |
Youtube Channels
| # | Name | Description | Reg Date | Views | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | We are a healthcare products company with the mission to make world a healthier place. We create quality products that purify water, air and food, making them ideal for consumption. We are an ISO 9001:2008 certified organization, that introduced the revolutionary Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology in India. Over the years, we have evolved as market leaders in providing technologically advanced RO Water Purifiers, Air Purifiers, Vegetable Purifiers and Water Softeners. We have received numerous credentials as well as awards that speak for the quality of our products. All our water purifiers are CE and NSF certified. Also, we have been awarded WQA’s Gold Seal, Best Domestic Water Purifier Award for the years 2006-07 & 2007-08, Excellence Award 2008 and Golden Peacock Award for Eco Innovation, among others We help people lead a healthy life. For us, making quality healthcare products is more than just a business; it’s a passion, the most prominent purpose of our existence. | Fri, 25 Jun 2010 | 12 097 734 | India | |
2 | Internet-based water treatment business that provides all types of point-of-use and point-of-entry water treatment from water filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis and other problem water solutions for home, business and industry. US Water does Everything with water... Except walk on it! | Wed, 18 Aug 2010 | 9 983 786 | United States | |
3 | Windsor Salt offers a wide assortment of table and specialty salts and products for the home like water softening salts, pool salt and ice melter products. http://www.windsorsalt.com | Thu, 18 Apr 2013 | 3 519 145 | ||
4 | Water touches everything in your home. For over 80 years, Culligan Water has been making that water cleaner, soft, and delicious for your friends, neighbors, and probably even your grandparents. Culligan Water provides the best in water softening and filtration technology. Let’s see what Culligan Water can do for your home. You could give your people Culligan Water. | Tue, 20 Dec 2011 | 2 960 191 | United States | |
5 | Our how-to videos will offer you information and tips on how to maintain and service your Reverse Osmosis Filtration System, Water Softener, Whole House Filtration System and Office Cooler. | Sun, 20 Mar 2011 | 2 215 013 | ||
6 | We're on a mission to put professional grade filtration in your hands! Aquasana designs, develops, and sells premium high-performance water filtration systems including point of entry: whole-house systems and salt-free water softeners; point of use: shower filters, drinking water filters; both carbon and reverse osmosis (RO); and filter bottles for on the go. | Tue, 10 Jul 2007 | 2 027 211 | ||
7 | Freshnss was founded in 2018 with the mission of providing unbiased and informative reviews of water filters, water dispensers, water coolers, water heaters, water softeners and other popular appliances. On this channel, you’ll find insightful content “everywhere you drink or eat in 2021” that will deliver value in your pursuit to filter, purify, dispense, soften, heat, or cool your favorite beverages and foods. Freshnss Values Transparency and Integrity: Our Review Guidelines & Quality Control Standards - Our primary goal is to deliver original product review content of the highest quality - Our focus is to meet you at the basis of your search with exactly the information you’re seeking - We do not receive direct compensation from any brands referenced in our content - We always value your comments and feedback and often utilize recommendations and insights provided from our community Learn more about Freshnss: https://freshnss.com/about/ | Tue, 29 May 2018 | 1 894 148 | United States | |
8 | Raj Innotech Pvt. Ltd. An Leading Manufacturer of Drinking Water Pant, Soft Drink Plant, Juice Plant, Beer Manufacturing Plant, Liquor Plat, Wine Making Plant, Packaged Drinking Water Plant, Mineral Water Plant, Turnkey Project, Fully Automated Packaged Drinking Water Plant Unit, D M Plant, De Mineralization Plant, Water Softener, Fully Automated Mineral Water Turnkey Project. Dear Sir, If Your Have an Requirement or Any Query about Plant Please Give us an Chance For Yours. From: Raj Innotech Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 27, Survey No. 47, Jivraj Industrial Area, Nr. Falcon Pump, Vavdi, Gondal Road, Rajkot -360 004. Gujarat, India. Website : www.rajwater.com Email : [email protected] Phone : +919375755777 / +917043955777 Director : Mr. Sanjay Patel Mobile : +91 93757 55777. | Fri, 30 Jul 2010 | 1 173 413 | India | |
9 | Water softeners products and tutorials. | Wed, 4 Jan 2017 | 520 494 | ||
10 | Aqua Science is one of the Nation's largest source for Water Well Pumps, Pressure tanks, Pressure Booster Systems, Drinking Water Systems, Cartridge Filters, Fleck Water Softeners, pH neutralizers, Radon mitigation systems and much more... Visit our website, www.aquascience.net for more information and to purchase products directly form our warehouse. Visit our Aqua Science YouTube Channel for video tutorials, how to install and product reviews/features. Have you purchased a product from us and need help? Contact us at [email protected] and one of our team will be happy to assist you. | Tue, 18 Dec 2012 | 490 648 | United States |